[摘要]文章利用世界银行61个发展中国家1988-2012年的跨国面板数据，考察公共教育投资等因素对人口贫困的影响。实证研究发现，公共教育投资对消除贫困有显著的作用，且比人均GDP增长、外国直接投资更为突出；但在缓解贫困深度（以贫困差距衡量）方面，其效力明显不如贫困广度（以贫困人口比例衡量）；对不同收入水平分组的回归结果表明，随着一国经济发展水平的提高，公共教育投资对消除贫困的作用将减弱；较快的人口增长将不利于反贫困工作，尤其是对中低收入国家而言。文章指出，当经济发展到一定程度时，反贫困的思路、策略和措施也应适时调整，教育扶贫必须同其他政策工具相配合，以期形成更有效的“合力”。
Abstract: Using a cross-country panel data (World Bank database) of 61 developing countries from 1988 to 2012, this paper discusses whether public expenditures on education can help to alleviate poverty. Empirical studies show that public expenditures on education plays a significant role in poverty alleviation, and it’s more prominent than the GDP per capita growth and foreign direct investment do; but the effect in alleviating the depth of poverty (measured by the poverty gap)is not so good as that in alleviating the breadth of poverty (measured by the poverty headcount ratio); the regression results of different income level groups show that with the development of a country's economy, the role of public expenditures on education plays in reducing poverty will be weakened; and population growth rate won’t help the anti-poverty work especially for low and middle income countries. The paper points out that, when the economy develops to a certain extent, the plans, strategies and methods of anti-poverty work should be timely adjusted, and educational poverty alleviation should be combined with other policy instruments to form a more effective "force."
